How we scored it
Fermentation polysaccharide (fermentation products=1.0); all carbon traces to the starch/glucose feedstock; 1.0.
What counts. ISO 16128-2 scores the atoms that remain in the final ingredient. Reagents, solvents, catalysts and protecting groups used during manufacture leave no mass behind and are not counted.
Where it comes from
Made by fermenting plant starch (commonly wheat, tapioca or potato) with the naturally occurring fungus Aureobasidium pullulans. The polysaccharide is harvested and purified with no petrochemical building blocks.
In plain English
A starch-derived polysaccharide made by fermenting starch with a natural yeast-like fungus. Forms a smooth film that binds ingredients together, often used in peel-off masks and serums.
CosIng definition: Pullulan is a polysaccharide produced from starch by cultivating the yeast, Aureobasidium pullulans
References
- 1ISO 16128-1:2016 and ISO 16128-2:2017 — Guidelines on technical definitions and criteria for natural and organic cosmetic ingredients and products. ISO, Geneva.
- 2PULLULAN. CosIng — European Commission cosmetic ingredient database. ec.europa.eu/cosing ↗
- 3PULLULAN. CosIng u2014 European Commission database for information on cosmetic substances and ingredients. https://ec.europa.eu/growth/tools-databases/cosing/search?search=PULLULAN