How we scored it
Whole essential oil distilled/expressed from spruce needles; terpene mass is entirely botanical = 1.0.
What counts. ISO 16128-2 scores the atoms that remain in the final ingredient. Reagents, solvents, catalysts and protecting groups used during manufacture leave no mass behind and are not counted.
Where it comes from
Steam-distilled or expressed from Picea abies (Norway spruce) needles. No synthetic equivalent used under this INCI.
In plain English
An essential oil distilled from spruce needles, used mainly to add a fresh, woody scent. It's extracted directly from Norway spruce foliage.
CosIng definition: Picea Abies Leaf Oil is the volatile oil expressed from the needles of the Norway Spruce, Picea abies (L.), Pinaceae
References
- 1ISO 16128-1:2016 and ISO 16128-2:2017 — Guidelines on technical definitions and criteria for natural and organic cosmetic ingredients and products. ISO, Geneva.
- 2PICEA ABIES LEAF OIL. CosIng — European Commission cosmetic ingredient database. ec.europa.eu/cosing ↗
- 3PICEA ABIES LEAF OIL. CosIng u2014 European Commission database for information on cosmetic substances and ingredients. https://ec.europa.eu/growth/tools-databases/cosing/search?search=PICEA%20ABIES%20LEAF%20OIL