How we scored it
Glycogen is a branched glucose polysaccharide (C6H10O5)n, the animal/microbial storage analogue of starch; this site's method treats starches as natural. 1.0.
What counts. ISO 16128-2 scores the atoms that remain in the final ingredient. Reagents, solvents, catalysts and protecting groups used during manufacture leave no mass behind and are not counted.
Where it comes from
Commercially extracted from oysters or produced from corn/yeast biomass; classed with starches under ISO 16128 as a natural polysaccharide. No synthetic route exists.
In plain English
A carbohydrate humectant chemically similar to starch. It's the form animals and some plants store glucose in, and cosmetic-grade material is sourced from oysters, corn or yeast.
Structure
(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-3-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol
References
- 1ISO 16128-1:2016 and ISO 16128-2:2017 — Guidelines on technical definitions and criteria for natural and organic cosmetic ingredients and products. ISO, Geneva.
- 2Glycogen. PubChem CID 439177. National Center for Biotechnology Information. pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov ↗
- 3GLYCOGEN. CosIng — European Commission cosmetic ingredient database. ec.europa.eu/cosing ↗
- 4GLYCOGEN. CosIng u2014 European Commission database for information on cosmetic substances and ingredients. https://ec.europa.eu/growth/tools-databases/cosing/search?search=GLYCOGEN