How we scored it
Glucosamine (natural, chitin hydrolysis/fermentation) + sulfate (mineral counter-ion) → both fragments natural = 1.0.
What counts. ISO 16128-2 scores the atoms that remain in the final ingredient. Reagents, solvents, catalysts and protecting groups used during manufacture leave no mass behind and are not counted.
Where it comes from
Made by combining glucosamine, produced from chitin hydrolysis or fermentation, with sulfuric acid to form the sulfate salt. No petrochemical fragment.
In plain English
A salt form of glucosamine used to condition skin and hold moisture. Made from glucosamine, derived from shellfish shells or fermentation, combined with a mineral salt.
Structure
bis((2R,3R,4S,5R)-2-amino-3,4,5,6-tetrahydroxyhexanal);sulfuric acid
References
- 1ISO 16128-1:2016 and ISO 16128-2:2017 — Guidelines on technical definitions and criteria for natural and organic cosmetic ingredients and products. ISO, Geneva.
- 2Glucosamine Sulfate. PubChem CID 73415774. National Center for Biotechnology Information. pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov ↗
- 3GLUCOSAMINE SULFATE. CosIng — European Commission cosmetic ingredient database. ec.europa.eu/cosing ↗
- 4GLUCOSAMINE SULFATE. CosIng u2014 European Commission database for information on cosmetic substances and ingredients. https://ec.europa.eu/growth/tools-databases/cosing/search?search=GLUCOSAMINE%20SULFATE