How we scored it
Glucosamine (fermentation/chitin-derived, natural) + HCl salt (mineral acid counter-ion, natural). 100% natural mass.
What counts. ISO 16128-2 scores the atoms that remain in the final ingredient. Reagents, solvents, catalysts and protecting groups used during manufacture leave no mass behind and are not counted.
Where it comes from
Produced by hydrolysing crustacean-shell chitin or by fungal fermentation to yield glucosamine, then forming the hydrochloride salt. No petrochemical fragment is incorporated.
In plain English
A hair- and skin-conditioning amino sugar, made from shellfish shells or fermentation, combined with a mineral acid to form a stable salt.
Structure
(2R,3R,4S,5R)-2-amino-3,4,5,6-tetrahydroxyhexanal;hydrochloride
References
- 1ISO 16128-1:2016 and ISO 16128-2:2017 — Guidelines on technical definitions and criteria for natural and organic cosmetic ingredients and products. ISO, Geneva.
- 2Glucosamine HCl. PubChem CID 91431. National Center for Biotechnology Information. pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov ↗
- 3GLUCOSAMINE HCL. CosIng — European Commission cosmetic ingredient database. ec.europa.eu/cosing ↗
- 4GLUCOSAMINE HCL. CosIng u2014 European Commission database for information on cosmetic substances and ingredients. https://ec.europa.eu/growth/tools-databases/cosing/search?search=GLUCOSAMINE%20HCL