How we scored it
Where it comes from
Ceramide 4 (retired name; now Ceramide AS) is synthesized by coupling a sphingoid base, commercially derived via yeast fermentation (tetraacetylphytosphingosine route), with a natural fatty acid via an amide bond. Some suppliers may use alternative synthetic sphingoid-base routes.
In plain English
A skin-conditioning lipid that mimics ceramides naturally found in skin. It is produced by joining a fermentation-derived building block with a natural fatty acid, replicating the skin's own barrier lipids.
CosIng definition: Ceramide 4 (Retired) is the N-acylated sphingolipid having the erythro structure that conforms generally to the formula, where m has a value ranging from 13 to 27 in which the acyl moiety may be saturated or mono-unsataurated and n has a value ranging from 10 to 16. Ceramide 4 is similar to Ceramide 5, however, the acylating hydroxy acids are generally shorter in Ceramide 4 than in Ceramide 5. The INCI Name, Ceramide 4, originally developed in 1997, was designated with a retired status in 2014. For an interim period of time, trade name assignments formerly published with the INCI Name Ceramide 4 will be retained in the retired monograph, and also published with the new name assignment, Ceramide AS.
Structure
N-[(E,2S,3R)-1,3-dihydroxyoctadec-4-en-2-yl]butanamide
References
- 1ISO 16128-1:2016 and ISO 16128-2:2017 — Guidelines on technical definitions and criteria for natural and organic cosmetic ingredients and products. ISO, Geneva.
- 2Ceramide 4. PubChem CID 5702612. National Center for Biotechnology Information. pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov ↗
- 3CERAMIDE 4. CosIng — European Commission cosmetic ingredient database. ec.europa.eu/cosing ↗
- 4CERAMIDE 4. CosIng u2014 European Commission database for information on cosmetic substances and ingredients. https://ec.europa.eu/growth/tools-databases/cosing/search?search=CERAMIDE%204