How we scored it
Fir needle essential oil: alpha-pinene, limonene and bornyl acetate are plant terpenes and a plant-made terpene ester (b); nothing added, so natural mass equals total mass, 1.0.
What counts. ISO 16128-2 scores the atoms that remain in the final ingredient. Reagents, solvents, catalysts and protecting groups used during manufacture leave no mass behind and are not counted.
Where it comes from
Steam-distilled from the needles and young twigs of the European silver fir (Abies alba), mainly in Central and Eastern Europe. No synthetic route exists for the oil itself.
In plain English
An essential oil steam-distilled from the needles of the European silver fir. It gives fragrances and toiletries a fresh, resinous pine-forest scent. Its main aroma components are pinene, limonene and bornyl acetate, which the tree makes itself.
CosIng definition: "European Silver Fir Needles Oil; Templin Needles Oil". Abies Alba needle Oil is an essential oil obtained from the needles of the fir Abies alba, Pinaceae. It contains L-alpha-pinene, L-limonene, L-bornyl acetate
References
- 1ISO 16128-1:2016 and ISO 16128-2:2017 — Guidelines on technical definitions and criteria for natural and organic cosmetic ingredients and products. ISO, Geneva.
- 2ABIES ALBA NEEDLE OIL. CosIng — European Commission cosmetic ingredient database. ec.europa.eu/cosing ↗
- 3ABIES ALBA NEEDLE OIL. CosIng u2014 European Commission database for information on cosmetic substances and ingredients. https://ec.europa.eu/growth/tools-databases/cosing/search?search=ABIES%20ALBA%20NEEDLE%20OIL